How a Dispute Actually Works — Behind the Scenes
When you send a dispute letter to a bureau, here's exactly what happens behind the scenes:
1. Intake (Days 1-3)
The bureau receives your letter and logs it. A case number is generated. If sent by certified mail, you have proof of the receive date — this starts the 30-day clock.
2. Investigation (Days 3-25)
The bureau sends an Automated Consumer Dispute Verification (ACDV) form to the furnisher. The furnisher has approximately 20 days to respond.
3. Furnisher Response
The furnisher either verifies the info, updates it, or fails to respond. If they don't respond, the item must be deleted.
4. Bureau Decision (Day 25-30)
The bureau reviews the furnisher's response and decides: delete the item, update it, or keep it as-is. They must mail you the results within 5 business days of completing the investigation.
Source: Fair Credit Reporting Act, 15 U.S.C. §1681i